Marijuana Definition Marijuana (marihuana) Cannabis sativa L., also known as Indian hemp, is a member of the Cannabaceae or hemp family, thought to have originated in. Will Detoxify's Ready Clean Detox help you pass a drug test? The truthful answer is yes AND no. There are more steps to pass a urine test. What is a Vinegar Detox? Is it an effective option for detoxifying the body? Find out the facts and fictions of detoxing with vinegar. The ultimate guide to marijuana detox! Learn how to get weed out of your system fast, pass your drug test, and what the best THC detox products are.Detox Your Body of Drugs and Alcohol Detoxification - Detoxing. Detoxification is the process that one An organic combination to clean your system that I know works in case of urine tests is Sonne Our THC/Marijuana Detox Kits are made from all natural ingredients. They contain a unique combination of vitamins, minerals, and herbal cleansers that produce. Description: How long does marijuana stay in your system,urine testing.How long do drugs stay in system. English name. Supporters of the notorious Pancho Villa first used the name marijuana in 1. Sonora, Mexico. They called the mood- altering herb they smoked marijuana. The term hashish, is derived from the name for the Saracen soldiers, called hashashins, who ingested the highly potent cannabis resin before being sent out to assassinate enemies. Two related species of cannabis are C. Indian hemp grows to a height of about 4 ft (1. The species C. These factors also affect the relative amounts of THC (tetra- hydrocannabinol) and cannabidiol, the chemicals present in varying amounts in cannabis that determine if the plant is primarily a fiber type or an intoxicant. Generally the species grown at higher elevations and in hotter climates exudes more of the resin and is more medicinally potent. Marijuana is a somewhat weedy plant and may grow as high as 1. The hairy leaves are arranged opposite one another on the erect and branching stem. Leaves are palmate and compound, deeply divided into five to seven narrow, toothed and pointed leaflets. Male and female flowers are small and greenish in color and grow on separate plants. Male flowers grow in the leaf axils in elongated clusters. The female flowers grow in spike- like clusters. The resinous blossoms have five sepals and five petals. The male and female blossoms can be distinguished at maturity. The male plant matures first, shedding its pollen and dying after flowering. Female plants die after dropping the mature seeds. Marijuana produces an abundance of quickly germinating seeds. This hardy annual is wind pollinated and has escaped from cultivation to grow wild along roadsides, trails, stream banks, and in wayside places throughout the world. The plant matures within three to five months after the seed has been sown. History. Marijuana has been cultivated for thousands of years. Cannabis was first described for its therapeutic use in the first known Chinese pharmacopoeia, the Pen Ts'ao. Cannabis was recommended as a treatment for numerous common ailments. Around that same period in Egypt, cannabis was used as a treatment for sore eyes. The herb was used in India in cultural and religious ceremonies, and recorded in Sanskrit scriptural texts around 1,4. B. C. Cannabis was considered a holy herb and was characterized as the . The ancient Greeks used cannabis as a remedy to treat inflammation, earache, and edema (swelling of a body part due to collection of fluids). Shortly after 5. 00 B. C. They called the herb kannabis and inhaled the . Around 1. 00, Dioscorides, a surgeon in the Roman Legions under the Emperor Nero, named the herb Cannabis sativa and recorded numerous medicinal uses. In the second century, the Chinese physician Hoa- Tho, used cannabis in surgical procedures, relying on its analgesic properties. In ancient India, around 6. Sanskrit writers recorded a recipe for . By 1. 15. 0, Moslems were using cannabis fiber in Europe's first paper production. This use of cannabis as a durable and renewable source of paper fiber continued for the next 7. By the 1. 30. 0s, government and religious authorities, concerned about the psychoactive effects on citizens consuming the herb, were placing harsh restrictions on its use. The Emir Soudon Sheikhouni of Joneima outlawed cannabis use among the poor. He destroyed the crops and ordered that offenders' teeth be pulled out. In 1. 48. 4, Pope Innocent VIII outlawed the use of hashish, a concentrated form of cannabis. Cannabis cultivation continued, however, because of its economic value. A little more than a century later, the English Queen Elizabeth I issued a decree commanding that landowners holding sixty acres or more must grow hemp or pay a fine. Commerce in hemp, which was primarily valued for the strength and versatility of its fibers, was profitable and thriving. Hemp ropes and sails were crossing the sea to North America with the explorers. By 1. 62. 1, the British were growing cannabis in Virginia where cultivation of hemp was mandatory. In 1. 77. 6, the Declaration of Independence was drafted on hemp paper. Both President George Washington and President Thomas Jefferson were advocates of hemp as a valuable cash crop. Jefferson urged farmers to grow the crop in lieu of tobacco. By the 1. 85. 0s, hemp had become the third largest agricultural crop grown in North America. Census of that year recorded 8,3. But the invention of the cotton gin was already bringing many changes, and cotton was becoming a prime and profitable textile fiber. More change came with the introduction of the sulfite and chlorine processes used to turn trees into paper. Restrictions on the personal use of cannabis as a mood- altering, psychoactive herb, were soon to come. Controversy. The 1. Encyclopedia Britannica, in its lengthy entry on hemp, noted that the herb . Cannabis use has been criminalized in some parts of the United States since 1. Utah was the first state to criminalize it, then California and Texas. By 1. 92. 3, Louisiana, Nevada, Oregon, and Washington had legal restrictions on the herb. New York prohibited cannabis use in 1. Despite the restrictions, cannabis use was woven into the cultural and social fabric in some communities, and widespread use persisted, particularly among the Mexican, Asian, and African American populations. In 1. 93. 7, the federal government passed the Marihuana Tax Act, prohibiting the cultivation and farming of marijuana. This bill was introduced to Congress by then Secretary of the Treasury Andrew Mellon, who was also a banker for the Du. Pont Corporation. That same year, the Du. Pont Chemical Company filed a patent for nylon, plastics, and a new bleaching process for paper. The 1. 93. 7 Marijuana Transfer Tax Bill prohibited industrial and medical use of marijuana and classified the flowering tops as narcotic, and restrictions on the cultivation and use of cannabis continued. Marijuana was categorized as an illegal narcotic, in the company of LSD and heroin, cocaine, and morphine. Illegal use continued. The FBI publication, Uniform Crime Reports for The United States, 1. Americans were arrested for marijuana offenses that year, with as many as 8. In a reversal of the state- by- state progression of criminalizing marijuana that led to the 1. Marijuana Transfer Tax Bill, there is a movement underway, state by state, to endorse the legalized use of medical marijuana. By 1. 99. 2, 3. 5 states in the U. A growing body of scientific research and many thousands of years of folk use support the importance of medical marijuana in treatment of a variety of illnesses, and the economic value of hemp in the textile, paper, and cordage industries has a long history. The controversy and misinformation persists around this relatively safe and non- toxic herb. The World Health Organization, in a 1. And despite thousands of years of human consumption, not one death has been directly attributed to cannabis use. According to Lester Grinspoon, MD, and James B. Bakalar, JD, in a 1. Journal of the American Medical Association article, . The chief legitimate concern is the effect of smoking on the lungs. Cannabis smoke carries even more tars and other particulate matter than tobacco smoke. But the amount smoked is much less, especially in medical use, and once marihuana is an openly recognized medicine, solutions may be found. Despite persistent legal restrictions and severe criminal penalties for illicit use, marijuana continues to be widely used in the United States, and throughout the world, both for its mood- altering properties and its proven medicinal applications. The conflicting opinions on the safety and effectiveness of cannabis in a climate of prohibition make any discussion of its beneficial uses politically charged. Marijuana has analgesic, antiemetic, anti- inflammatory, sedative, anticonvulsive, and laxative actions. Clinical studies have demonstrated its effectiveness in relieving nausea and vomiting following chemotherapy treatments for cancer. The herb has also been shown to reduce intra- ocular pressure in the eye by as much as 4. Cannabis has proven anticonvulsive action, and may be helpful in treating epilepsy. Other research has documented an in- vitro tumor inhibiting effect of THC. Marijuana also increases appetite and reduces nausea and has been used with AIDS patients to counter weight loss and . Several chemical constituents of cannabis displayed antimicrobial action and antibacterial effects in research studies. The components CBC and d- 9- tetrahydrocannabinol have been shown to destroy and inhibit the growth of streptococci and staphylococci bacteria. Cannabis contains chemical compounds known as cannabinoids. Different cannabinoids seem to exert different effects on the body after ingestion. Scientific research indicates that these substances have potential therapeutic value for pain relief, control of nausea and vomiting, and appetite stimulation. The primary active agent identified to date is 9- tetrahydro- cannabinol, known as THC. This chemical may constitute as much as 1. The predominance of this mental lightness or . THC degrades into a component known as cannabinol, or CBN. This relatively inactive chemical predominates in marijuana that has been stored too long prior to use. Another chemical component, cannabidiol, known as CBD, has a sedative and mildly analgesic effect, and contributes to a somatic heaviness sometimes experienced by marijuana users. Before prohibition, cannabis was recommended for treatment of gonorrhea, angina pectoris (constricting pain in the chest due to insufficient blood to the heart), and choking fits. It was also used for insomnia, neuralgia, rheumatism, gastrointestinal disorders, cholera, tetanus, epilepsy, strychnine poisoning, bronchitis, whooping cough, and asthma. Other phytotherapeutic (plant- based therapeutic) uses include treatment of ulcers, cancer, emphysema, migraine, Lou Gehrig's disease, HIV infection, and multiple sclerosis.
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